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Inflammatory Myxohyaline Tumor

Synonyms: Acral Myxohyaline Tumor, Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma, Inflammatory Myxoid Tumor of the Soft Parts with Bizarre Giant Cells, Inflammatory Myxohyaline Tumor of the Distal Extremities with Virocyte or Reed-Sternberg-like Cells, Acral Myxoinflammatory Fibroblastic Sarcoma

Definition

Low-grade, malignant, soft tissue tumor of the distal extremities, with a myxoid stroma, prominent inflammatory infiltrate and virocyte-like cells.

Clinical Features

  • Usually distal extremities

Histopathology

  • Polymorphic cellular composition
  • Hyaline or myxoid background (Fig. 1
    Inflammatory myxohyaline tumor. Note the atypical cells with large nucleoli.

    Fig. 1: Inflammatory myxohyaline tumor. Note the atypical cells with large nucleoli.

    )
  • Dense mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate
  • Scattered stromal cells either:
    • epithelioid shape
    • spindle shape:
      • some very large, with bizarre nuclei and prominent nucleoli:
        • resemble Reed–Sternberg or virus-infected cells1,2

Prognosis

  • Local recurrence common
  • Exceptionally distant metastases3

References

1 Meis-Kindblom JM, Kindblom LG. Acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma: a low-grade tumor of the hands and feet. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22:911–924.

2 Montgomery EA, Devaney KO, Giordano TJ, Weiss SW. Inflammatory myxohyaline tumor of distal extremities with virocyte or Reed–Sternberg-like cells: a distinctive lesion with features simulating inflammatory condition, Hodgkin's disease and various sarcomas. Mod Pathol. 1998;11:384–391.

3 Sakaki M, Hirokawa M, Wakatsuki S, Sano T, Endo K, Fujii Y, et al. Acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma: a report of five cases and review of the literature. Virchows Arch. 2003;442:25–30.

Last updated: 21 Feb 2006

Inflammatory Myxohyaline Tumor

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